新式类多重继承原则:广度优先,从左到右==================正确==================In [19]: class P1(object): ...: def foo(self): ...: print('called P1-foo()') ...: class P2(object): ...: def foo(self): ...: print('called P2-foo()') ...: def bar(self): ...: print('called P2-bar()') ...: class C1(P1,P2): ###P1和P2顺序一致 ...: pass ...: class C2(P1,P2): ###P1和P2顺序一致 ...: def bar(self): ...: print('called C2-bar()') ...: class GC(C2,C1): ...: passIn [20]: gc.foo()called P1-foo() ### GC--->C2--->C1--->P2In [21]: gc.bar()called C2-bar() ### GC--->C2--->C1==================正确==================In [31]: class P1(object): ...: def foo(self): ...: print('called P1-foo()') ...: class P2(object): ...: def foo(self): ...: print('called P2-foo()') ...: def bar(self): ...: print('called P2-bar()') ...: class C1(P2,P1): ###P2和P1顺序一致 ...: pass ...: class C2(P2,P1): ###P2和P1顺序一致 ...: def bar(self): ...: print('called C2-bar()') ...: class GC(C2,C1): ...: passIn [33]: gc.foo()called P2-foo() ### GC--->C2--->C1--->P2In [34]: gc.bar()called C2-bar() ### GC--->C2--->C1==================正确==================In [29]: class P1(object): ...: def foo(self): ...: print('called P1-foo()') ...: class P2(object): ...: def foo(self): ...: print('called P2-foo()') ...: def bar(self): ...: print('called P2-bar()') ...: class C1(P2,P1): ...: pass ...: class C2(P1,P2): ...: def bar(self): ...: print('called C2-bar()') ...: ==================错误==================In [26]: class P1(object): ...: def foo(self): ...: print('called P1-foo()') ...: class P2(object): ...: def foo(self): ...: print('called P2-foo()') ...: def bar(self): ...: print('called P2-bar()') ...: class C1(P2,P1): ###P2和P1 ...: pass ...: class C2(P1,P2): ###P1和P2 ...: def bar(self): ...: print('called C2-bar()') ...: class GC(C2,C1): ...: pass ...: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)in () 12 def bar(self): 13 print('called C2-bar()')---> 14 class GC(C2,C1): 15 passTypeError: Cannot create a consistent method resolutionorder (MRO) for bases P2, P1原因分析:子类GC在继承C2和C1时,无法分辨C1和C2中P1和P2的继承关系,一会(P1,P2)一会又是(P2,P1),导致GC继承MRO出错。因为继承顺序发生了改变,所以gc.foo()和gc.bar()调用的结果也发生了改变。
自己试出来的不知道对不对